Process and apparatus for erecting concrete structures.



A. 1. STOESER.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR ERECTING cowcam STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-22. 19H- LU,9 Patented Dec.12,1916.

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A. STOESER.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR ERECTING CGNCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-22. 19H.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

5 SHEETS-4H5 2.

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PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EHEGTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-22. 1911.

Patented Dec.12,1916.

5 $HEETSSHEET 3.

A. ST OESER.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR EHECTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES.. APPLICATIONr1151) 01.0.22. 1911.

mwww. Patented Dec. 12,1916.

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A.J.STOESER. PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR ERECTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATTON FILED DEC-22. 19H

Patented Dec. 12,1916.

5 SNEETS-SNEET 5.

ALE ANDER J. sronsnit, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FORERECTING CONCRETE STRUCTURES L Specification ofLetters Patent.

Patented nee-iagieic.

Application filed December 22, 1911. S arno; ceases;

1 b all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER J. Sronsnn,

a citizen of the United States; and a residentbe simplified andwherewith a more subs'tan-I tial structure can be Obtained thanispossible with apparatus hitherto devised. V V

A further object of my invention is to provide apparatus which will becomparatively simple and inexpensive asto construction and maintenanceand which can be successfully used by unskilled laborers; and a specialobject is to provide apparatus for building a protrusion in theform of achute or the like uponthe body proper of the struc ture simultaneouslywith the forming thereof in such manner that the structure will be ofuniform strength and rigidity throughout.

My invention consists generally in apparatus wherewith the above namedobjects and several other objects which shall hereafter appear; areattained as will be more fully disclosed in the following specificationand appended claims.

My invention will be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings which illustrate apparatus particularly designedfor the erection of silos.

Figure l is substantially a vertical central section illustrating a siloin course of construction with apparatus embodying my invention; Fig. 2is a transverse section sub stantially on the line 2 is an enlargedtransverse section of the protruding or chute portion of the silo; F 4is a vertical section substantially on the line ll of Figs. 2 and 8;Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the silo and apparatus shown in Fig. 1;Fig. 6 is a View partly in central section and partly in elevation ofthe upper and roof portion of the silo illustrating particularly meansfor forming the cornice; Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view showing oneof the brackets for supporting the cornice forms; Fig. 8 is aperspective view of the novel form of bucket used for placing the 2 ofFig. 1; Fig. 3

concrete in the form; Fig. 9 is a' transverse central section thereofillustratingthe han dlecontrol for the bottom; Fig. lOis'a' erspectiveview of one of the wedges used to secure the segments of the moldsremovably together; Fig; ll-is a perspective view of the ladder membershowing its relation to the main wall of the mold; and Fig. 12 is aperspective view of a clip used to hold the outer and inner chute" formsin proper spaced relation; Figs. 13 and are perspeeg tive and somewhatdiagrammatic views showing the mode of raising the derrick and theconcrete'molds for forming a new course of wall.' a

While the apparatus." here shown is par tic'ularly designed and adaptedfor silos of circular cross section, it will, of course be understoodthat silos of different forms" as wellas other structures can be erectedwith apparatus embodying my invention by adapting same to the particularshape of such other structure; A desirable silo comprises'a main bodyportion of circular cross section which is of considerable height and inwhich silage is stored. For convenience in removingthe silage avertical-slot is madein the structurepreferably the entire height, andatthis place'a chute is provided through which the silage canzbe thrownto the ground. The silo should be so nearly air tight as to preventexcessive. fermentation of the silage; With apparatus hitherto devisedit has been difficult, if not impracticable, to build the chutesimultaneously with the main body of the structure, and hence inerecting a concrete silo the body portion has often been erected firstandthen.

a chute of wood or other material added later. This isnot only alaborious and expensive manner of constructing a silo, but the resultingstructure is one which is not of uniform strength and which is notsubstantially air tight.

By use of apparatus embodying my invention the silo body portion andchute can be constructed simultaneously in an easy and inexpensivemanner and a substantially air tight structure of uniform strength canbe secured. Referring now to the drawings, I shall describe sameindetail. A

I usually provide two complete forms which are alternately placed oneupon the other for forming successive courses of. wall. As these areidentical in construction, a description of one will serve for both, and

for sake of convenience I shall refer to them ments 4 of the inner, wall2 consist of sheet metal Sbraced above and below by angle irons 9 and 10respectively and at either end by vertical angle irons 13. The sheets 8are braced further by intermediate channel irons 14. The segments 4 areremovably secured together by pins 15 passing through the flanges 13,which serve properly to aline the forms, and by wedges 16 which straddlethe adjacent flanges 13. the segments 4 are slightly spaced apart at 17by blocks 18 which may be knocked out to permit easy removal of thevarious segments- 4 from the wall. prises a plurality of segments 24 forthe main body portion of the wall and a memher 25 for the chute portion.The segments 24 are similar in construction to the segments 4 of theinner wall, comprising a sheet member 26 braced above and below by angle4 irons 27 and 28 respectively and at the ends V the member 5 in properposition.

7 segments 24 of the main form.

by vertical angles 29. The flanges 2%) of the angles-29 are providedwith registering holes through which pins 15 pass to aline the segments, and wedges 16 straddling the adjacent "flanges 29 serve to holdthe segments ,removably together in same manner as the segments of theinner wall. The chute member 5 comprises a substantiallysemi-cylindrical sheet 30 having outwardly curved end portions 31 whichmeet the ends of the The sheet 30 is braced at the top and bottom byangle irons 32 and 33 respectively and at the ends by vertical angleirons 34. The flanges 34 of the vertical angles 34 have holes whichregister with holes in the flanges 29 and through which pins 15 pass toaline and hold Wedges 16 straddle the adjacent flanges 29 and 34 .forholding the parts removably together a ainst the. )ressure of theconcrete in the same manner as described with reference to other partsof the form.

The inner wall 6 of the chute form comprises a plurality of segments 36each of which consists of a sheet 37 strengthened at be top and bottombyangle irons 38 and 39 respectively and at the ends by vertical angles40, theadjacent flanges of which are provided with registering holes andare held removably together by pins 15 and wedges 16. The members end ashort distance Two of The outer wall 1 com-' from the inner wall 2 andthe space therebetween is occupied by ladder members 41 which areproperly not a part of either the upper or lower form but act inconjunction with both to complete the form as will be described morefully hereinafter. The ladder members 41 are braced by vertical angles42 and 43, the angles 42 contacting the inner wall 2 of the main formand the angles 43 contacting and alining with the angles 40 of theadjacent segments 36. i. bolts 44 passing through the wall 2 andengaging the angles 4-2 serve to hold one edge of the ladder section 41in position. The other edge is held properly in position by a pluralityof U-clips 45 which are riveted to the angle 43 and which straddle theflanges of the adjacent angle irons 40. The ladder members 41. arefurther strengthened against collapse by cross bars 46 which have turneddown end portions for engaging flanges 47 on members 41. Over the topform I place U-shaped clips 4G (see Figs. 4 and 5) which serve furtherto position and hold the members 41.

t is desirable to have a ladder in the chute and so I arrange cross rods48 properly placed which have their ends 48 embedded in the concrete, asis well shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The members 41 are cut away at 41 toacconnnodate the ladder rods 48. lVhen the silo is filled it isnecessary to close the continuous opening or slot formed at 17 betweenthe main silo chamber 1 and the chute chamber 5. This is done by placinga plurality of door sections across the opening 17. I provide the laddermembers 41 with projecting portions 41 which form substantially V-shapedrecesses in the inner sides of the chute. The ends of the door sectionsenter these recesses and the doors are thereby held in position againstthe pressure of the silage. The door sections may be raised and loweredin the V- recesses to permit easy removal of the silage. The outer chutewall 5 is braced temporarily by turnlmckle braces 50 comprising theturnbuckle portion 51 and the end links 52 and 53. The links 52 and 53extend through the outer wall 5 and through the ends thereof stop pins54 are placed. To permit easy removal of the turnbuckle braces whentaking the form apart, I provide hook-and-eye connections 55 between theparts, one connection being formed to permit entire separation of theparts. the form for making the main wall of the silo and that for makingthe chute portion are connected to constitute a single form or moldwhereby an integral wall can be made. Reinforcing material 3 continuesfrom the main wall 3 through the chute wall 5 and back, binding thechute portion firmly to the main wall.

The upper form is vertically alined with and placed upon the lower formwith the It will thus be seen that holes 56 of adjacent angle ironsregistering. Pins 15 passingthrough these holes and wedges 16 straddlingthe angle iron flanges serve removably to secure the upper and lowerforms together. The two walls of the forms are properly spaced apart andbraced by channel irons 60 which are radially arranged being secured atthe center to a plate 61. Limit pins or bolts 62 spaced apart thedesired distance extend through the channel 60 and engage the angleirons of the walls 1 and 2 (see Figs. 1 and 5) and thereby prevent samefrom spreading apart by pressure of concrete. By varying the dis tancebetween the bolts 62 the spaced relation of the walls 1 and 2 can becontrolled. The channels or cross braces 60 serve to support a derrick70, the mast 71 of which rests upon the channels 60 over the centerplate 61, being renio'vably secured thereto by eye bolts 72. The eyebolts 72 engage a cross pin 73 in the mast 71 and extend through plate61 under which nuts are provided for binding the mast to the centerplate. The mast 71 is further braced by angles 74 which are bolted tothe channel irons 60. Mounted at the top of the mast is a horizontalboom 7 5 which is supported at the inner end by a plug 7 6, which isinserted in the mast and to which the boom is pivotally secured. Theboom is supported at the outer end by a horse 77 comprising legs 77 and77", the lower ends of which rest upon the outer wall 1 of the form. Theform is pivotally secured between the upper ends of the legs 77 and 77".Thus the boom, while it is stationary in the sense that it cannot beswung around the mast, may be swung vertically by virtue of the pivotalconnections. A. pulley 80 is provided at the outer end of the boomwhereby material may be raised from the ground by means of buckets 81and tackle 81. The bucket 81 is of unique construction and will bedescribed in detail hereinafter. The material being raised by means ofthe pulley, tackle and bucket is to be distributed throughout the formand for doing this conveniently I provide an arm .82 which is swingablymounted on the mast 71 by means of bearings 83. The arm 82 may be swungaround so that the link 84 thereof can be attached to the bucket and itcan then easily be moved about to deposit the concrete in the desiredplace in the mold. The braces supporting the derrick structure are maderigid by a suitable truss 60. y

The method of raising the elevating and concrete distributing mechanismin the course of the work will best be understood by reference to Figs.13 and 14. The concrete material is raised by the derrick 70, anddeposited in the form until both forms are full. When the concrete inthe lower course has set sufficiently I raise two of the angle irons 60,of the derrick base, and under each of these I place a prop or horse 60The props 60 are preferably placed upon the outer mold form for the sakeof convenience. This having been done, I loosen. several of the segmentsof the lower inner mold form, and place them in position upon the innerupper segments marked S in Fig. 13. Because the derrick is suitablyspaced above the top mold by means of the horses, 60 the mold forms canbe freely placed in position. So soon as the inner mold forms are placedon the forms S I secure them by means of the wedges 16, hithertodescribed. The props 60 may then be removed whereupon the angle irons,60, of the base rest upon the newly positioned inner upper mold segmentsS as well shown in Fig. 14. By propping up the other side of thederrick, as is well shown in Fig. 14, the remainder of the lower innerform can be raised to complete a new upper inner wall. This having beendone, the props 60 may be removed as the newly positioned inner wall isnow in place and serves to support all the legs of the. derrick. Theouter lower mold segments are now loosened and secured to the presentupper mold segments to form the new outer wall. This having beenaccomplished, it is obvious that a new mold cavity is provided. In likemanner as many courses of wall as desired may be simply and easilybuilt. It is just as easy to construct a silo one hundred fifty feethigh as one fifty feet high. Most of the form raising operation can beconveniently accomplished by means of the block and tackle on the boom.The derrick lends itself admirably to this alternate raising of firstone Side and then the other, because of its jointed construction.

As before stated, the members4l are not properly a part of either formand I arrange a plurality of same so that they overlap, z. 6., extendabove the uppermost form so that there will always be a portion thereofto which the empty form or mold can be attached. I have here shown theladders 41 as composed of two members 41 and 41 parted at 41 (see Fig.4) but if found desirable a greater number of parts may be provided.They are, therefore, in a sense ladders to which the empty forms aresecured and wall sections serving to complete the inner supplementalwall 6 of the chute. When the structure has reached the desired height,the derrick is used to raise the roof material and is then dismemberedand lowered to the ground. The form used for the last or highest courseof wall is kept in place and serves to support the roof form as well asthe cornice form. The roof form comprises suitable braces which restupon the inner wall of the form and which support a covering 91 on whichthe concrete may be placed.

themselves to those skilled The cornice form comprises a bottom or floorportion 92 which is supported by a plurality of brackets 98 secured tothe outer wallof the form. As the brackets 03 are used onlywhenconstructing the cornice, I

secure same removably to the angle irons 27 of the outer form'by bolts94:. An upright wall 95 isv arranged on the member 92 which serves astheouter wall of the cornice. It will thus be seen that the partsconstituting the cornice form or mold are all easily secured to andremoved from the regular wall mold. After the roof and cornicehave setsufliciently, the cornice form and supporting mold are dismembered.

In Figs. 8' and 9 I have illustrated a bucket 81 particularly adaptedfor use in placing concrete in molds. It is substantially an invertedrectangular pyramid'open at thetop and closed 'atthe bottom. The bottomis closed by a door 101 which is secured by a hinge 102 to one side ofthe bucket; An upstandingrod-103 is secured at the bottom to the door,and has a hand ringalO' at its upper end whichcan be placed in a recess104 of the bucket side, thus making the rod 103 a'latch to hold the doorbottom closed. Thebottom can be manually opened and closed to depositthe concrete just where needed and in the quantity desired'by'removing-- the hand ring from engagement with the bucket. The bottomispreferably about the width of the wall to be made so that the concretecan be easily deposited in such quantity as to fill the mold formevenly. A bucket of thesizeused' for'constructing silo with my apparatuscontains more-concrete than can be'lifted by a man and so the same issupported bythe'ha'ndlejl05 on-the swingable arm 82-ofthe 'derricln- Theoperator is thus free to control the deposit of material'by meansotthe'hand rod103.

IAs various modifications will suggest in the art to which thisappertains,fI do notwish to be limited to the specific construction,arrangement and use'he'rein shown and described.

I claim as new:

- 1. In an apparatus for erecting concrete structures, the combinationof concrete elevating and distributingmechanism with uppera'nd-lower'm'old forms constructed'tor interchange of position, saidupper and lowerforms comprising outer and inner walls, each composed of'a plurality of sections removably secured together, and saidconcretejelevating and distributing mechanism being formed forcontinuous support solely upon the forms as theyare raised to providemold cavities'for successive courses of wall. Y

2. In apparatus for erecting concrete structures, the combination ofsegmental upper and lower formscomprising outer and inner walls, meansremovably securing the and sewa upper and lower forms together adaptingsame for interchange of position,'with concrete elevating anddistributing mechanism supported upon the upper form and spacing theWallsapart, said concrete elevating and distributing mechanism adaptedto be continuously supported solely by the forms as they are raisedto'form mold cavities "for successive courses of wall.

3. In apparatus for erecting concrete structures, the combination of asegmental mold comprising upper and lower forms removably securedtogether and adapted to be se 'mentally removed and alternately securedone above the other, concrete ele atiug distributing mechanism supportedupon the forms and comprising a base portion engaging the outer andinner walls of the form and spacing them apart, a centrally arrangedvertical mast secured to the base, a horlzontal member pivotallyattached to the upper part of the mast and extending beyond the outermold wall, and means supporting'tlie outer end of the horizontalmemberfrom the mold term.

4. Apparatus for erecting concrete structures, comprising incombination, forms for molding concrete consisting of outer and innerwalls, comprising upper and lower plural member forms removably securedtogether "and adapted for interchange of position, combined mastsupporting and formwall spacing means comprising centrally connectedcross beams resting upon and engaging the walls of said form, a mastcentrally arranged on said combined mast support and spacer, a boompivotally connected at the inner end to the mast, a depending memberpivoted at the outer end of the boom and resting upon the forms, andconcrete elevating and form-raising means on" said boom.

5. Apparatus for erecting concrete structures, comprising in'combinationforms for molding concrete consisting of outer and inner walls,comprising upper and lower plural member forms removably securedtogether and adapted formterehange of position, combined mast supportingand formwall spacing means comprising centrally,

connected cross beams resting upon and en gaging the walls of said form,a mast centrally arranged on said combined mast support and spacer, aboom detachably and pivotally connected at its inner end to the upperpart of the mast, a depending member pivoted to the outer end of theboom and supporting the boom by engagement with. the outer wall of theform, substantially as described.

6.In apparatus for. building concrete structures, the combination ofconcrete forms consisting of outer and inner walls comprising upper andlower forms, each consisting of a plurality of segments removablysecured together, a mast, a combined mast support and form-wall spaceron said forms, a concrete elevating and formraising arm pivotally anddetachably connected at its inner end to said mast, sawhorse-like legspivotally secured to the boom near its outer end and depending therefrominto engagement with said forms, and an arm swingably mounted on themast for distributing concrete.

7. In apparatus for erecting concrete structures, the combination of aconcrete mold comprising outer and inner walls and upper and lowerforms, each composed of a plurality of members removably securedtogether, a mast having a web base supported upon the upper forms, meansthereon holding the outer and inner walls in proper spaced relation, ajointed boom and supporting horse, the inner end 01": the boom beingsupported upon the mast and the outer end supported by saidhorse-engaging the mold form, the said mast and base adapted to beraised upon one side for the placement of walls with concrete, wherebythe mold walls are held in place, free from mechanically connectingdevices and continuously supporting concrete elevating and distributingmechanism upon the concrete mold walls and thus step by step forming somany i courses of wall as may be desired.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day ofDecember, 1911, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALEXANDER J. STOESER.

Witnesses:

L. B. SPRINGER, ARTHUR W. NELSON.

lfiopales of this patent may lie-obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the "Commissioner of JPatents, Washington, D G.

